Reference Report for IND81012211
| Title: | Studies on virus diseases and causal viruses of soybean in Japan. |
| Authors: | Takahashi, K., Tanaka, T., Iida, W., Tsuda, Y. |
| Source: | Bull. Tohoku. Natl. Agric. Exp. Stn. 1980, (62):1-130 |
| Abstract: | The occurrence and distribution of soybean virus diseases were surveyed during 1961-68. The most important disease was that caused by soybean mosaic virus, of which 5 strs. were distinguished, based on symptoms and pathogenicity on 4 cvs. SMV-A, B and C induced mosaic symptoms, while strs. D and E were more severe, causing crinkling, stunting, yellowing and top necrosis. Str. E had the widest host range and A the narrowest. Rates of seed and aphid transmission varied between the strs. but their physical properties were similar. Complete cross-protection occurred between strs. A, B and C, while it was incomplete between D or E and A or B. Four strs. of soybean stunt virus were distinguished, based on pathogenicity to the cvs. Ou 3, Nemashirazu, Karibatakiya 28 and Norin 2. SSV-B, C and D had wider host ranges than SSV-A but all strs. were easily transmissible by aphids. From cross-protection and serological tests it was concluded that SSV is related to cucumber mosaic virus. A previously undescribed virus, from plants showing mild mosaic symptoms and named soybean milk mosaic virus, induced systemic symptoms in seedlings of 150 soybean cvs. and was seed and aphid transmitted. No intracellular inclusion bodies were present in infected plants. The thermal inactivation point was 60-65 deg C, the dilution end-point was between 1:10 000 and 1:100 000 and longevity in vitro was 3-4 days at 25 deg . The virus particles were spherical and 26-27 nm diam. Three distinct strs. of alfalfa mosaic virus, AMV-1, 2 and 3 were distinguished by their reactions on 16 soybean cvs. and 15 other leguminous spp. Two strs. of bean yellow mosaic virus were distinguished on 16 soybean cvs. and reacted positively with antiserum to SMV. Soybean dwarf virus occurred in several parts of Hokkaido and was transmitted by grafting but not mechanically or by aphids. The geographical distribution of SMV, SSV, BYMV, SMMV, SDV and AMV was determined. The effect of these viruses on growth, yield and quality of soybean was also investigated. |
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